DVM Program
Academics & Research
VMRCVM
DVM Curriculum & Course Information
DVM Curriculum
DVM Course Listing by Semester
DVM Course Descriptions
What is Tracking?
Curriculum Overview PowerPoint (PDF)
DVM course syllabi are available to college members only. Login to the VMRCVM Intranet is required.
DVM Curriculum
The professional curriculum is designed to provide a balanced educational foundation for the varied opportunities available to the veterinary graduate. The program is concerned not only with the normal anatomy and physiology of animals, but also with disease processes, clinical diagnosis, and medical management responsibilities which set the veterinary profession apart from other animal, biological, and zoological science professions. The goal is to educate veterinarians with a firm foundation of basic biomedical knowledge and with the ability to apply this information in a problem-solving setting in order to provide excellent patient care and to increase scientific knowledge for the benefit of animals, the environment, and human beings.
The Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine curriculum is designed to be completed in four years. The first three years, consisting of two semesters each, are devoted to class, laboratory, and clinical studies at the College's main campus in Blacksburg, Virginia. The fourth or final year is of three semesters and twelve month's duration. The majority of the fourth-year clerkships are spent in the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital in Blacksburg, interacting with clients and patients. Depending on the field of study chosen, other clerkships are conducted at the Leesburg and University of Maryland campuses. Additionally, elective clerkships are conducted off campus.
In 1998, the VMRCVM commenced a new core-elective curriculum for the first through third year of the DVM curriculum. The new curriculum also has a tracking component, starting in the second year. There are 5 tracks: Small Animal, Equine, Food Animal, Mixed Animal, and Public/Corporate. A recent addition to the curriculum is a series of courses to address career and life skills.
The curriculum is constantly monitored and reviewed by the Curriculum Board of the College. It is, therefore, subject to change as needs and circumstances dictate. The organization of the current DVM curriculum follows:
DVM Course Listing by Semester
DVM course syllabi are available to college members only. Login to the VMRCVM Intranet is required.
Course website availability is indicated by the clickable 
icon in the left column of the table. Please login to Blackboard
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Sem. 1 Sem. 2 Sem. 3 Sem. 4 Sem. 5 Sem. 6 Sem. 7-9
| After-hours courses available for multiple classes: Fall | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elective | C | Leader | |||
| 3,10 | bmvs4024 | Diseases of Poultry | 2 | Pierson | |
| After-hours courses available for multiple classes: Spring | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elective | C | Leader | |||
| 3,8,12 | 8485 | Bovine Repro I | 1 | Whittier | |
| 3,8,13 | 8486 | Bovine Repro II | 1 | Whittier | |
| 3,8,11 | 8487 | Bovine Repro III | 1 | Whittier | |
| 3,10 | 9224 | Clin Exotics I | 1 | S. Smith | |
| 3,7 | 8984 | Clin Exotics II | 1 | S. Smith | |
| 3,8,11 | 8984 | Clin Behav Med | 1 | Turnwald | |
|
1 - test-out option |
|
See the BMVS Graduate Course Listing
Fourth Year
Core Clerkships (All Students):
- Large Animal Clinical Services
- Anesthesiology
- Production Management Medicine
- Radiology
- Community Practice
- Laboratory Services
- Small Animal Surgery
- Public and Corporate
Tracks and Track Requirements:
|
Equine Track Equine Medical Center I Mixed Animal Track Small Animal Specialty Medicine Public and Corporate Track Independent Study/Research I & II
Some examples of options in Public/Corp track:Lab Animal Medicine |
Small Animal Track Small Animal Medicine (2) Food Animal Track Bovine Theriogenology |
Credits required to graduate: 177
Course Descriptions
Courses are listed below by semester, and are denoted as core, track, or elective. Track courses are denoted as S (Small Animal), F (Food Animal), E (Equine), and P (Public/Corporate). Mixed animal track students select specified track courses from Small Animal, Equine, and Food Animal track courses. A track course for one student can be an elective for a student in another track providing scheduling can be accomplished. The number of credits for each course is stated in parentheses at the end of the course description.
Course prefixes: VM = Veterinary Medicine, BMVS = Biomedical & Veterinary Sciences. Any BMVS course can be taken for elective credit providing scheduling can be accomplished.
First Year - Semester 1
Veterinary Anatomy 1 VM 8014/BMVS 5434 (Core) Study of the basic structural and functional anatomy of carnivores (dog, cat), horse, and ruminants. Gross morphology is applied to clinical diagnosis, interpretation, surgical and medical treatment. (4C)
Veterinary Histology VM 8054 (Core) Introduction to basic histology and microscopic anatomy of animal organs. Intended to provide a foundation in normal tissue and organ structure at the light microscopic level, to support later courses in histopathology. (3C)
Veterinary Physiology 1 VM 8034 (Core) Study of physiological functions in companion, food, fiber, laboratory, zoo, and wildlife animal species. Emphasizes fundamentals and the overview of cellular, organ, and regulatory integration. Topics include cells, muscles, blood, respiration, circulation, environmental and regulatory physiology. (3C)
Medical Biochemistry VM 8044 (Core) Study of macromolecules, micronutrients and thermodynamics in regulating metabolic pathways with emphasis on the interrelationships between these factors in health and diseases. The course is designed to help students learn to use biochemistry in the process of clinical problem solving and encourage students to use the information within a clinical context. The major unifying concept of the course is homeostasis. The regulation of metabolic pathways by intracellular and hormonal mechanisms is emphasized. (2C)
Veterinary Immunology VM 8064/BMVS 5044 (Core) Study of immunological mechanisms effective in protecting animals from infectious and foreign agents. Includes the use of immunological reactions for diagnostic purposes and the role of immune mechanisms in the induction of diseases. (2C)
Profession Foundations VM 8004 (Core) Topics will include veterinary ethics and law, personal and business finance, marketing, human-animal bond, stress management, communication, leadership development, and environmental stewardship. (2C). P/F only.
Veterinary Ethology VM 8144 (Core) Study of animal behavior and the interaction of animals to humans, other animals, and the environment. (1C)
Veterinary Large Animal Husbandry VM 8074 (Core) This course acquaints first year veterinary professional students with basic production goals, simple management strategies, and routine procedures which occur in the production of beef cattle, dairy cattle, sheep, swine, and horses. (1C)
Animal Domestication and Genetic Resources BMVS 4014 (Elective) Considers the process, history, sociology and geography of animal domestication. Includes behavioral, physiologic, and morphological changes incurred by domesticated stocks. Examines genetic variability of domestic species, considers breed groups and uniquely adapted breeds. (1C)
Descriptive Embryology VM 8024 (Elective) This course provides an overview of the cellular events immediately preceding and following fertilization, as well as a synopsis of general developmental features of gastrulation, placentation, and ontogeny of selected body systems. Completion of the course should greatly assist students in understanding various anatomical aspects of the adult animal body, as well as common congenital malformations. Pre: first-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
First Year - Semester 2
Veterinary Anatomy II VM 8114/BMVS 5444 (Core) Study of the structural and functional anatomy of carnivores (dog and cat), horses, and ruminants. Gross, developmental and radiographic morphology with applications for clinical diagnosis, interpretation, and surgical and medical treatment. Pre: 8014 (4C)
Veterinary Neurobiology VM 8104 (Core) Normal structure and function of the mammalian nervous system. Basic neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, and neurohistology of sensory, motor, integrative, and regulatory systems will be discussed, as well as metabolic support systems. (1H,2L,2C)
Veterinary Physiology II VM 8134/BMVS 5464 (Core) Study of how living animals function. The central themes include close relationship between structure and function, process of adaptation, and the concepts of homeostasis and feedback control systems. The course focuses on the function of the tissues, organs, and organ systems of multicellular organisms. (4C)
Veterinary Pathology I VM 8304 (Core) Mechanisms of cellular reaction to injury, inflammation, circulatory disturbances, and neoplasia. Emphasizes mechanisms of disease at the level of cells and tissues. (3C)
Veterinary Parasitology VM8324/BMVS 5744 (Core) Study of the morphology and biology of parasites of veterinary importance. Considers of pathogenesis, diagnosis, signs, and treatment of parasitic diseases of animals. Study of the immunologic and pathophysiologic aspects of host/parasite relationships and the importance of zoonotic parasitic infections. (3C)
Veterinary Epidemiology VM 8084 (Core) This course provides the veterinary student with the basic information and techniques to conduct disease outbreak investigations and develop disease prevention programs based on the demographics, the risk factors, and the pathological conditions that exist within the population. (2C)
Fundamentals of Nutrition VM 8234 (Core) Identification, classification, and description of nutrient classes, functions, metabolism and factors affecting nutrient availability. Description of feed sampling, evaluation, and analysis systems. Consideration of animal nutrient requirements, principles of ration balancing and nutritional investigation. (1C)
Functional Morphology and Natural History of Reptiles and Birds VM 8254/BMVS 5814 (Elective) Anatomical features will be described that are unique to, or are characteristic of each major group covered. Features to be discussed will largely be those that adapt the animal group to its habitat and permit successful exploitation of that habitat; the discussion will extend to how anatomical features and functions are utilized in the life of members of the group. On completion of discussion of pertinent anatomical features, selected attributes of the group's natural history will be covered, as well as a brief survey of members of the group common to the local and extended area. Pre: first-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Clinical Perspectives VM 8094 (Elective) Clinical application of basic science material. The course content will be closely linked with topics being taught concurrently in Veterinary Physiology II, Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary Anatomy II, Veterinary Neurobiology, and Veterinary Parasitology. The clinical application will be accomplished by presentation of clinical cases or clinical experiences that utilize the basic science principles in other courses in the first year curriculum. Pre: first-year standing in the DVM curriculum (1C)
Second Year - Semester 3
Fundamentals of Veterinary Pharmacology VM 8314/BMVS 5294 (Core) General principles of drug action, including dose response, contribution of chemical properties to pharmacokinetics, species differences in response, clinical effects of agonists and antagonists, adverse responses, and comparisons of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics among subtypes of important drug classes. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum (3C)
Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology VM 8334 (Core) Bacterial and mycotic agents causing diseases of economic and public health significance in food, fiber, companion, laboratory, zoo, and wildlife species. Special emphasis on habitat, microbial characteristics, virulence attributes, pathogenesis, immunity, approaches to prevention, antimicrobial susceptibility, and diagnosis ( 4C)
Veterinary Clinical Techniques VM 8354 (Core) Restraint techniques for various species of animals commonly seen by veterinarians are demonstrated and practiced. Routing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are demonstrated and practiced for the major domestic animal species. P/F only. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Veterinary Pathology II VM 8404 (Core) Pathology of specific lesions and diseases of each organ system is discussed at the gross and microscopic level. Emphasis is on diagnostic characteristics of diseases and the interpretation of common findings. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (3C)
Veterinary Radiology VM 8544 (Core) Study of radiological theory and practice, including x-ray production, equipment, radiation safety. Alternate imaging of the various body systems is discussed, and use of contrast media is considered. Interpretation of radiological images of the various body systems is discussed. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Veterinary Clinical Nutrition VM 8454/BMVS 5654 (Core) This course considers the nutritional needs of species of veterinary importance throughout life and for various work-loads and purposes. Nutritional management of diseased or compromised patients is considered. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum or completion/test-out of VM 8234 or equivalent course. (1C)
Fundamentals Of Theriogenology VM 8374 (Core) Presentation of normal reproductive function and management in domestic species of veterinary interest. Diagnosis and management of reproductive diseases are considered. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Veterinary Business Management VM 9104 (Core) Basics of operation of a small or large animal veterinary business. Topics include portraying the value of a practice's services, improving a practice's perception of value, principles of organizing management of a practice, understanding the marketing of veterinary products and services, and the art of effective communication. Pre: second year standing in DVM curriculum. (1H,1C) Graded P/F only.
Food Animal Nutrition VM 8384/BMVS 5834 (Track, F) Practical feeding guidelines for food animals. Special consideration also given to the relationship of diet to nutrient excesses and deficiencies that result in clinical disorders. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of metabolic disorders of food animals will be discussed. Pre: completion of, or enrollment in VM 8454. (2C)
Equine Nutrition VM 8394/BMVS 5844 (Track, E) The course is designed to provide practical feeding guidelines for different classes of horses. The relationship between nutrition and clinical disorders of the horse is explored including their nutritional management. Students will be expected to complete a problem-solving nutrition project during the course. Pre: completion of, or enrollment in VM 8454. (1C)
Small Animal Nutrition VM 8264/BMVS 5824 (Track, S) This course considers practical feeding guidelines for companion animals. Special consideration will be given to the relationship of diet to nutrient excesses and deficiencies that result in clinical disorders. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of metabolic disorders of small animals, as they relate to nutrition, will be discussed. Pre: Completion of, or enrollment in VM 8454. (1C)
Introduction to Clinical Research VM 8534/BMVS 5564 (Track, P) Design of studies in veterinary related clinical and epidemiologic research, planning and implementation of experimental and survey data collection, management and analysis of data, evaluation of analysis and critical evaluation of published information. Pre: second-year standing in DVM curriculum. (2C)
Advanced Epidemiology VM 8684 (Track, P) This course is intended for students interested in applying analytical epidemiological methods in assessing the health and disease status of populations (animal and/or human) and the factors affecting that status. It will include lecture/discussion sessions and exercises on the design, analysis, and interpretation of clinical trials and cross-sectional, case-control, and longitudinal studies. Risk assessment and techniques for assessing and enhancing the validity of epidemiological studies will also be covered Pre: third-year standing in DVM curriculum (2C)
Functional Morphology and Natural History of Non-Domestic Mammals VM 8244 (Elective) This course is designed for post first-year veterinary medical students who have an interest in non-domesticated species of mammals. The primary educational goal is to provide a foundation knowledge of life histories and associated functional morphology of the various taxonomic groups within the vertebrate class Mammalia as preparation for clinical studies and experiences that the student may subsequently select in the D.V.M. program. Life strategies and associated functional anatomy for locomotion, alimentation and reproduction will be emphasized. Familiarization with biological and veterinary literature resources related to this vertebrate class will be a coordinate objective. (2C)
Topics in Veterinary Pharmacology VM 8274 (Elective) Contemporary topics in veterinary pharmacology, including premarket safety studies, information included on drug labels, and the contribution of pharmaceutical preparation to drug use and effectiveness. Factors contributing to individual responses to drugs, including route of administration, homeostatic factors, and clearance. Issues in drug therapy, including optimal extra-label drug use, drug-induced behavior modification, and indications for multiple drug therapy. Pre: Completion of, or concurrent enrollment in VM 8314. (1C)
Second Year - Semester 4
Veterinary Toxicology VM 8424/BMVS 5254 (Core) Toxic agents, mechanisms of action, toxicoses, and treatments, especially as related to domestic and wild animals. Principles of toxicity testing and clinical diagnosis. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum or ALS 5304 or equivalent. (2C)
Veterinary Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine VM 8754/BMVS 5864 (Core) This course concentrates on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases of the common domestic species. Emphasis is given to teaching students how to develop a data base for these two body systems using effective communications and modern diagnostic tools. The course focuses on the common diseases of these systems and how these diseases are managed and treated. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (3C)
General Veterinary Medicine VM 8554 (Core) This course is an overview of routine immunization protocols, physical management, and parasite control for major species of veterinary concern. Also included are general fluid therapy, shock, fever, and acute trauma. The problem-oriented medical record is also discussed. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Clinical Pathology VM 8414/ BMVS 5374 (Core) Relating abnormal clinical laboratory data to specific organ dysfunctions with emphasis on data interpretation and pathophysiologic mechanisms. Understanding the diagnostic and prognostic value of pertinent laboratory tests as aids in the medical management of clinical cases. Alterations in the hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, and cytology of the major domestic species will be studied. (4L) 3C.
Veterinary Virology VM 8124 (Core) This course covers general virology, e.g. classification, physico-chemical characteristics, replication, recognition of and immune responses to members of different virus families. Detailed attention is given to clinical signs, pathology, histopathology, prevention and diagnosis of animal virus diseases organized by species of animals and by virus families.
Veterinary Anesthesiology VM 8444 (Core) Course will focus on the anesthetist's role for anesthetic management of patients using inhalation anesthetics which requires an understanding of patient evaluation, selection and knowledge of premedication, induction agents, and maintenance agents, anesthetic equipment, monitoring depth of anesthesia and physiologic function. The canine patient will be used as the animal model for most of the course. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Veterinary Musculoskeletal System VM 8284 (Core) Presentation of common musculoskeletal problems, their incidence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. This course will include medical and surgical therapy of common musculoskeletal conditions of the domestic species. The principles of external and internal fixation will be discussed. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (3C)
Animals and Public Policy VM9214 (Track, P) Course will examine society's changing attitudes toward the care and use of animals and examine the philosophical spectrum between animal welfare and animal rights. Will explain the role of the major regulatory and accrediting organizations in setting standards of care for animals used in research, exhibition, transportation, and production. Will describe the regulatory process for making policies and regulations to support federal legislation. Will provide information on the currently acceptable standards for the care and use of animals for regulated purposes. PRE: third year standing in the DVM curriculum (1C)
Equine Theriogenology VM 8514/BMVS 6514 (Track, E) An advanced study in the breeding management, estrous cycle manipulation, embryo transfer, reproductive disease diagnosis and treatment of the mare and stallion. The didactic work of this course will emphasize the practical application of the latest research covered in this species. Pre: VM 8374 and second-year standing in the DVM curriculum, or ALS 4304 and ALS 4424, or basic courses in comparative reproductive anatomy, physiology, and endocrinology. (1C)
Food Animal Theriogenology VM 8574 (Track, F) This course presents the practice of theriogenology in a food animal or mixed animal practice. The course will include reproductive management for herds of food animal species including cattle, sheep, goats and swine. Emphasis is on clinical aspects of reproductive management. The course will consist of lectures, laboratories, discussion groups, and field experiences. Pre: VM8374 and second year standing in the DVM curriculum (2C)
Small Animal Medicine VM 8585, 8586, 8587 (Track, S) (Note: 8585 is Semester 4) This course will provide the student with core knowledge for small animal track students in the diagnosis and management of breeding and neonatal disorders, advanced cardiopulmonary techniques, traumatic injuries and infectious diseases of the dog and cat. (1C per course).
Small Animal Theriogenology VM 9254 (Elective) This course deals with the normal reproductive function and management in the dog and cat. Diagnosis and management of reproductive diseases are considered. (1C)
Toxicology of Poisonous Plants Affecting Livestock VM 9114 (Elective) Toxicoses in farm animals caused by common, important poisonous plants found in North America. Plant descriptions, a study of the toxic principles involved presented by the body systems affected, and treatment measures to be taken when animals become ill. Principles of prevention and client education. Pre: Completion of, or concurrent enrollment in VM 8424. (1C)
Aquatic Medicine and Fish Health VM 8494/BMVS 5764 (Elective) (O) Study of the etiology, diagnosis, pathology, pathogenesis, chemotherapy, control, and management of infectious and non-infectious diseases of aquatic organisms, especially pertaining to cultured food and tropical fish. Pre: BIOL 4424, FiW 4514 or VM 8363 (2C)
Wildlife Medicine VM 8594 (Elective) The course will include discussions on the regulations and ethics covering the rehabilitation and release of native wildlife. Lectures will cover the major infectious diseases, parasites, toxicities, injuries and other problems of wildlife. Common treatments, methods and equipment used to care for and rehabilitate these animals will be discussed. Species covered will include native mammals, wild songbirds, and raptors.
Reproductive Pathology VM 8474/BMVS 5124 (Elective) This course covers morphologic changes and associated functional changes caused by diseases of the reproductive tract in domesticated animals. Attention is paid to the correlation of gross and microscopic changes and the reproductive efficiency of affected animals. (1C)
Advances in Infectious Disease Diagnosis and Interpretation VM 8984 (Elective) This is a discussion-based course in which students will take turns at presenting and discussing a topic related to diagnosis of infectious diseases using their research and published articles. The course will focus on the fundamentals, usage, interpretation, and application of diagnostic tests, and consequences of disease diagnosis. Prerequisite: semester 4 standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Third Year - Semester 5
Veterinary Surgical Principles and Practicals VM 8624 (Core) The basic principles of modern veterinary surgery will be presented including asepsis, wound healing, suture materials, wound management, and patient management in the perioperative period. The most common elective surgical procedures will be presented for companion animals as well as the more advanced techniques of closure of hollow viscus of the gastrointestinal and urinary systems. Lecture topics will be applied in a laboratory setting where strict anesthesia and surgical protocols will be enforced to emulate the recommended techniques in veterinary practice. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum (3C)
Veterinary Gastroenterology VM 8614 (Core) This course will present the important medical and surgical digestive, hepatic and pancreatic diseases of dogs, cats, horses, and food animals. Diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis will be discussed for all of the common disorders. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C)
Veterinary Public Health VM 8434 (Core) Public health issues involved in private veterinary practice, food inspection, and environmental health and safety. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Veterinary Neurology VM 8654 (Core) This course details the clinical signs produced by injury to the specific areas of the nervous system in domestic animals and discusses the natural disease processes that occur in these areas. Diagnosis and treatment for the more common diseases of the nervous system of domestic animals will be covered. Pre: Third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Veterinary Ophthalmology VM 8344 (Core) Presentation of diseases of the eye and orbit, including anatomy, pathophysiology, and medical and surgical management. Congenital and acquired ophthalmic diseases are considered. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Veterinary Public Policy VM 9234 (Track, P) Overview of the formulation and implementation of public policy at the local, state and national level through legislation, regulation and operational strategy. Understanding of the concepts of legal authority and public mandate. Training in risk communication and media relations. Review of current public policy issues related to veterinary medicine, animal and human health such as food safety, animal disease control, animal welfare, business practices. National leaders will interact with the class to discuss current issues. Pre: third year standing in the DVM curriculum (1C)
Equine Medicine and Surgery VM 8695, 8696 (Track, E) (Note: VM 8695 is Semester 5) These courses provides in-depth information about diseases that affect horses. The pathophysiology of prominent diseases will be explained, and methods of diagnosis, clinical management, and treatment will be described. Laboratory time will also be provided to permit students to develop diagnostics techniques and to apply information to evaluate sample cases. VM8695: Advanced topics in diseases of the equine cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal systems. VM8696: Advanced topics in equine anesthesia and ophthalmology, and in diseases of the equine nervous, gastrointestinal, dermal, and urinary system. Pre: Third year standing in the DVM Curriculum. VM 8695 (3C), VM8696 (3C)
Food Animal Medicine and Surgery VM 8615, VM 8616 (Track, F) (Note: VM 8615 is Semester 5) This course will provide in-depth information on the common disorders of the alimentary, musculoskeletal, respiratory, urinary, neurologic, dermatologic and ophthalmic systems of cattle, sheep, goats and pigs. Clinical signs, diagnostic tests, differential diagnoses and medical and surgical treatments for disorders of individual animals will be emphasized. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (3C), VM 8616 This course presents the practice of medicine and surgery in a food animal or mixed animal practice. The course will include treatment of the individual animal and herd problems, preventive aspects of herd problems, and the regulatory and health aspects of herd management. Emphasis is on the production medicine aspects of herd and flock management. The course will consist of lectures, laboratories, discussion groups, and field experiences. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Small Animal Medicine VM 8585, 8586, 8587 (Track, S) (Note: VM 8586 is Semester 5) Advanced topics of diseases of the dog and cat. 8585 Course will provide the student with core knowledge for small animal track students in the diagnosis and management of breeding and neonatal disorders, advanced cardiopulmonary techniques, traumatic injuries and infectious diseases of the dog and cat. 8586 Course will focus on disease processes affecting the respiratory, digestive, and ophthalmologic systems. Course material provides an understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management and treatment of these disease processes. 8587 Course will focus on disease processes affecting the central nervous and endocrine systems. Course material provides an understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management and treatment of these disease processes. Pre: 8585: second year standing in the DVM curriculum; 8586, 8587: third year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Advanced Small Animal Techniques VM 8694 (Track, S) An advanced study of small animal techniques. Special consideration will be given to techniques commonly performed in small animal practice. The course consists of lectures and laboratories. Pre: small animal track, third year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Ferret Medicine and Surgery VM 8984 (Elective) A comprehensive study of domestic ferret from the veterinary perspective. Topics include husbandry/management, common diseases and surgical procedures. The course consists of lectures and laboratories. Graded pass/fail. Pre: third year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Food Safety for Veterinarians -- Perspectives, Practice and Policy VM 9054 (Elective) Comprehensive approach to food borne hazards, testing and sampling, prevention and control strategies throughout the food chain including Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points systems. Case studies of food borne illnesses, historical perspectives, agencies responsible for food safety, and emerging issues will be discussed. Pre: third year standing. (1)
Veterinary Oncology VM 9095, VM 9096 (Elective) (Note: VM 9095 is Semester 5) These companion courses are designed to provide intensive study of the biology of neoplasms, their diagnosis, clinical presentation and treatment. Introductory/review lectures: factors in protooncogene mutation, methods of diagnosis, and cancer epidemiology. A second portion of this course discusses important neoplasms of various animal species and body systems, and classical methods of treatment. VM 9096 In-depth discussion of cancer chemotherapy, immunotherapy and new advances in therapy such as gene replacement/modification. Pre: Third year standing in the DVM curriculum. VM 9095 (2C), VM 9096 (1C)
Goat and Sheep Medicine VM 9074 (Elective) This is an in-depth treatment of the health and management as well as the diseases of goats and sheep. Production cycles, management concerns, as well as routine preventative care are covered as well as management of traumatic, infectious, and toxic disease problems. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1)
Emerging Infectious Diseases VM 9085/BMVS 5005, VM 9086/BMVS 5006 * (Elective) (Note: VM 9085 is Semester 5) 9085 course defines and discriminates between amongst numerous factors influencing the emergence of infectious diseases. Selected emerging food-borne, bacterial, viral, zoonotic diseases of animals and humans are described and analyzed. 9086 course expands the pathology of emerging infectious diseases. Additional viral, parasitic and zoonotic diseases of animals and humans, including xenotransplantation are described and analyzed. Pre: Third year standing in the DVM curriculum, good standing in a graduate studies program. (Each course 1C) Graded P/F only.
Equine Neonatology and Pediatrics VM 9174 (Elective) (O) Specialized topics in equine internal medicine related to neonates will be presented. Special emphasis will be given to the principles of pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal diseases. (1C)
Veterinary Career Development VM 8854 (Elective) Topics include what employers are looking for in a new DVM graduate, the transition from student to veterinarian, introduction to contract law, ingredients of employment contracts, art of negotiation, personal finance/investment strategies, and strategies for achieving goals and objectives for the future. Pre: Third year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1H, 1C). Graded P/F only.
Diseases of Poultry BMVS 4024 (Elective) Biological control and prevention of poultry diseases. Taught alternate years. (2C)
Third Year - Semester 6
Veterinary Dermatology and Endocrinology VM 8764 (Core) Presentation of diseases of the skin and endocrine systems, with pathophysiology, diagnosis, and clinical management. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (3C)
Veterinary Hemolymphatic System VM 8674 (Core) This course covers core information for all professional veterinary students on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of the important disorders of the hemic and lymphatic systems in dogs, cats, swine, horses, cattle, sheep and goats. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Veterinary Urology VM 8644 (Core) Presentation of renal, ureteral, cystic, and urethral diseases of veterinary interest. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, medical management, and surgical management are all discussed. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum (2C)
Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology VM 8784 (Core) This course concentrates on principles of therapeutic decision making with emphasis on selection of appropriate drug, the risks and benefits of drug treatment, monitoring the course of therapy in an individual patient, and the economic impact of therapeutic decisions. Study of drugs based on therapeutic objectives and the effect of the disease process on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum (2C)
Introduction to Clinics VM 8685, 8686 (Core) Introduction to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at the Blacksburg campus of the Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine. Orientation to the logistics of hospital operations. Student participation in the daily activities of clinical services. Pre: Third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (Each course: 1C)
International Veterinary Medicine VM 9244 (Track, P) Overview of international veterinary activities. Understanding of the role of governmental agencies, inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations in international relations, development, relief work, conservation, disease control and prevention, and trade. Understanding of the legal authority of binational agreements and international treaties. Training in intercultural communications, negotiation and conflict resolution. Review of current global issues. Pre: third year standing in the DVM curriculum (2C).
Equine Medicine and Surgery VM 8695, 8696 (Track, E) (Note: VM 8696 is Semester 6) These courses provides in-depth information about diseases that affect horses. The pathophysiology of prominent diseases will be explained, and methods of diagnosis, clinical management, and treatment will be described. Laboratory time will also be provided to permit students to develop diagnostics techniques and to apply information to evaluate sample cases. VM8695: Advanced topics in diseases of the equine cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal systems. VM8696: Advanced topics in equine anesthesia and ophthalmology, and in diseases of the equine nervous, gastrointestinal, dermal, and urinary system. Pre: Third year standing in the DVM Curriculum. (Each course 3C)
Food Animal Medicine and Surgery VM 8615, VM 8616 (Track, F) (Note: VM 8616 is Semester 6)VM 8615 This course will provide in-depth information on the common disorders of the alimentary, musculoskeletal, respiratory, urinary, neurologic, dermatologic and ophthalmic systems of cattle, sheep, goats and pigs. Clinical signs, diagnostic tests, differential diagnoses and medical and surgical treatments for disorders of individual animals will be emphasized. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (3C), VM 8616 This course presents the practice of medicine and surgery in a food animal or mixed animal practice. The course will include treatment of the individual animal and herd problems, preventive aspects of herd problems, and the regulatory and health aspects of herd management. Emphasis is on the production medicine aspects of herd and flock management. The course will consist of lectures, laboratories, discussion groups, and field experiences. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (8615 3C, 8616 2C))
Advanced Small Animal Surgery VM 9034 (Track, S) Course description: This course concentrates on the study of surgical principles and methods that are applicable to small animal practice. Emphasis is placed on the identification of disease conditions treatable by surgical therapy, applicable surgical methods, and expected outcome. Surgical methods will be discussed, particularly with respect to how they apply to laboratory procedures performed in the Advanced Small Animal Surgery Laboratory course (VM 9134). Pre: Completion of VM 8624 (2C).
Small Animal Medicine VM 8585, 8586, 8587 (Track, S) (Note: VM 8587 is Semester 6) Course description: Advanced topics of diseases of the dog and cat. 8585 Course will provide the student with core knowledge for small animal track students in the diagnosis and management of breeding and neonatal disorders, advanced cardiopulmonary techniques, traumatic injuries and infectious diseases of the dog and cat. 8586 Course will focus on disease processes affecting the respiratory, digestive, and ophthalmologic systems. Course material provides an understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management and treatment of these disease processes. 8587 Course will focus on disease processes affecting the central nervous and endocrine systems. Course material provides an understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management and treatment of these disease processes. Pre: 8585: second year standing in the DVM curriculum; 8586, 8587: third year standing in the DVM curriculum. (Each course 1C)
Equine Clinical Problem Solving VM 8524 (Track, E) This course will present equine clinical cases in a problem oriented format. Students will formulate a list of the most common causes for each problem (differential diagnosis), recommend appropriate diagnostic tests, interpret the results, and recommend a therapeutic regimen and plan for monitoring success of the treatment. Common medical problems of horses and food animals will be covered. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Food Animal Clinical Problem Solving VM 9044 (Track, F) This course will present food animal clinical cases in a problem oriented format. Although the majority of the problems presented will begin with the individual animal case, emphasis will be placed on control and prevention in the flock or herd. Aspects of outbreak/disease investigation, production medicine, economics, and epidemiology will also be utilized. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (2C)
Problem Solving in Small Animal Medicine VM 9144 (Track, S) (O) Primary emphasis will be on developing problems solving skills of diagnosis of medical diseases in small animal patients. Problem-orientated case material will be presented and students will be guided through diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic options. (2C)
Advanced Diagnostic Imaging VM 9014 (Elective) This course will introduce students to basic principles and applications of advanced diagnostic imaging in veterinary medicine. Topics will include nuclear imaging, digital radiography, picture archiving systems, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography and echocardiography. Pre: third year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Advanced Veterinary Public Health VM 9094 * (Elective) Course description: Consideration of the organization and delivery of Veterinary Public Services at the local, state, national and international levels including zoonoses surveillance, investigation and response to disease outbreaks, biological warfare and terrorism, response to natural emergencies and disasters, and public health policy formulation. Pre: third year standing in the DVM curriculum (1C)
Veterinary Oncology VM 9095, VM 9096 (Elective) (Note: VM 9096 is Semester 6) These companion courses are designed to provide intensive study of the biology of neoplasms, their diagnosis, clinical presentation and treatment. VM 9095 Introductory/review lectures: factors in protooncogene mutation, methods of diagnosis, and cancer epidemiology. A second portion of this course discusses important neoplasms of various animal species and body systems, and classical methods of treatment. VM 9096 In-depth discussion of cancer chemotherapy, immunotherapy and new advances in therapy such as gene replacement/modification. Pre: Third year standing in the DVM curriculum. (9095 2C, 9096 1C)
Advanced Histopathology VM 9064 * (Elective) Pathology centering on reaction of organs, tissues and cells at the light microscopic level is presented in a case-based format. Emphasis will be placed on classic tissue and cellular response to injury and will incorporate information and correlate disease mechanisms presented in prerequisite courses. Pre: third-year standing in the DVM curriculum (1C).
Advanced Small Animal Surgery Laboratory VM 9034 (Elective) This course concentrates on the application of surgical principles and techniques, building on those principles learned in Practice and Principles of Surgery (VM 8624). Included are abdominal, orthopedic, ophthalmic, thoracic procedures, used as a demonstration of principles and skills needed to perform this type of surgery. This course is closely integrated with Advanced Small Animal Surgery (VM 9034). Pre: completion of or concurrent enrollment in VM 9034 (1C)
Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine VM 9184 (Elective) Course description: This course is intended for students with a small animal orientation and a desire to have a better understanding and working knowledge of cardiovascular diseases. Emphasis will be on advanced topics in physical diagnosis, electrocardiography and echocardiography. Pre: third year standing in the DVM curriculum (1C)
Emerging Infectious Diseases VM 9085/BMVS 5005, VM 9086/BMVS 5006 * (Elective) (Note: VM 9086 is Semester 6) 9085 course defines and discriminates between amongst numerous factors influencing the emergence of infectious diseases. Selected emerging food-borne, bacterial, viral, zoonotic diseases of animals and humans are described and analyzed. 9086 course expands the pathology of emerging infectious diseases. Additional viral, parasitic and zoonotic diseases of animals and humans, including xenotransplantation are described and analyzed. Pre: Third year standing in the DVM curriculum, good standing in a graduate studies program. (Each course 1C) Graded P/F only.
Medical Toxicology VM 9204/BMVS 4084 * (Elective) Adverse health effects of exposure to drugs or substances of abuse. Covers principles of toxicodynamics, toxicokinetics, biotransformation, diagnosis and treatment. Emphasis will be placed on mechanism(s) of action of the various drug classes, body system(s) affected, clinical manifestations of problems and the resulting adverse effects on human health and society. Methods of treatment and client education will also be addressed. Laws controlling and governing the use of these drugs/substances and the agencies responsible for them will also be covered. Pre: third year standing in the DVM curriculum (2C).
Advanced Equine Theriogenology VM 9124 (Elective) An advanced study in the non-infectious and cytogenetic causes of infertility of the mare and stallion including their surgical and medical treatment. The didactic work of this course will also emphasize the latest techniques of assisted reproductive technology in this species. Prerequisites: VM 8514; third-year standing in the DVM curriculum (1C)
* 1 of 4 courses required as track for Govt/Corp students
After-hours courses available for multiple classes
Fall:
Introduction to Complementary Medicine VM 8804 (Elective) This Special Topics course will cover the basic aspects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) including veterinary acupuncture. Discussions will focus on neurophysiology of acupuncture along with applications in both dogs and horses. Additional topics will include nutritional and chiropractic applications of TCM in veterinary medicine. (1C)
Advanced Complementary Medicine VM 8984 (Elective) This course will cover more advanced aspects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) including veterinary acupuncture. Discussions will focus on neurophysiology of acupuncture along with applications in both dogs and horses. Additional topics will include nutritional and chiropractic applications of TCM in veterinary medicine. (1C)
Spring:
Bovine Reproductive Management VM 8485, 8486, 8487 (Elective) (Note: Each course is offered on a 3 year cycle) Advanced topics of cattle reproductive management. Courses will provide the student with the specialized knowledge requisite for food and mixed animal track students working with cattle. 8485 Diagnosis of reproductive disease and management of reproduction for replacement females of beef cattle and dairy cattle. 8486 Diagnosis of reproductive disease and management of reproduction for mature females of beef cattle and dairy cattle. 8487 Diagnosis of reproductive disease and management of reproduction for males and artificial insemination of beef cattle and dairy cattle. Pre: first year standing in the DVM curriculum. (Each course 1C) Graded P/F.
Clinical Exotics I VM 9224 (Elective) Instruction on the most common medical (trauma; neoplastic and infectious disease), husbandry, and nutritional issues and treatments encountered with popular companion exotic species. Demonstrations/discussions of diagnostic approaches to these problems. Discussion of common medical treatments and vaccination protocols. Hands-on laboratory covering a number of major procedures needed for practice of basic and emergency procedures on exotic companion animals. Pre: second-year standing in the DVM curriculum. (1C)
Clinical Exotics II VM 8984 (Elective) (1C)
Intro to Clinical Behavior Medicine VM 8984 (Elective) An introduction to canine and feline behavior medicine. Topics include understanding canine aggression, common canine and feline behavior problems, and the treatment of aggression problems. Students will be introduced to the basics of aggression prevention and feline and canine body language. A two-hour lab will acquaint students with the training and handling of young dogs. Pre: first year standing, DVM curriculum. (1C) Graded P/F.
Fourth Year - Semesters 7- 9
Core Clerkships:
VM 9504 Large Animal Clinical Services: Principles of large animal medicine and surgery including acquisition of an unbiased medical history, performance of a complete physical examination and knowledge of various diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical procedures performed on large animal patients admitted to the Teaching Hospital. Students will work with large animal medical and surgical patients, attend daily ward rounds and have additional time for individual study. ( 4C) P/F only
VM 9624 Anesthesiology: Composed of clinical experiences in comparative anesthesiology. The student will spend the majority of time working with Teaching Hospital patients. Time will be allocated for both prospective and retrospective rounds and case discussions. Additional time will be available for individual study. (4C) P/F only
VM 9534 Production Management Medicine: This clerkship will introduce students to clinical problems in individual animals as they occur within the production environment and as they involve populations of animals. The emphasis will be directed to problem identification, solution and prevention. Students will handle, examine and treat animals within their environment. Students will also attempt to determine environmental factors that contribute to the incidence of disease affecting individual animals, populations of animals, and assess how these factors can be most economically altered to prevent recurrence of the problem. (4C) P/F only
VM 9634 Radiology: Practical training in the production of diagnostic quality radiographs of various body parts of large and small animals with attention given to radiation safety and optimal radiographic positioning and technique; development of skills in radiographic interpretation. (4C) P/F only
VM 9264 Small Animal Community Practice: Senior veterinary students will be trained in clinical medicine and surgery in a private veterinary practice setting under the direction of experienced veterinary practitioners. Opportunities will exist to participate in the routine aspects of veterinary practice, to interact with clients and clinic personnel, to improve surgical and diagnostic skills, and to observe and understand business management activities. (4C) P/F only
VM 9724 Laboratory Services: This course will provide senior veterinary students with experience in the necropsy service of the Teaching Hospital by working on actual case material. The course will also gives students an overview of laboratory support services of the hospital including parasitology, microbiology, virology, immunology, toxicology and clinical pathology and review the major diseases in each of those disciplines. (2H, 6L, 4C) P/F only
VM 9614 Small Animal Surgery: Supervised clinical experience in diagnostics, pre-operative preparation, surgery and post-operative care of dogs and cats admitted through the Teaching Hospital for surgical problems. Correlative and communicative skills will be stressed. Patient care is prime concern. ( 4C) P/F only
VM 9714 Public and Corporate Veterinary Medicine: Develops and expands the student's awareness and understanding of career opportunities in veterinary medicine other than those in private clinical practice. (4C) P/F only
Track and Elective Clerkships *All elective clerkships may be taken twice for a maximum of 8 semester credits unless otherwise noted.
VM 9544 Equine Medical Center: Designed to provide the student with clinical experience in both equine medicine and surgery by working with the faculty and clinical support staff in the management of horses referred by veterinarians for elective or emergency care. This will include patient admission and discharge responsibilities, pre- and post-operative patient care, routine and intensive medical surgical care. (4C) P/F only
VM 9554 Large Animal Clinical Services Elective: Provides additional training and experience in large animal medicine and surgery. Students will be assigned additional outpatient and hospitalized patients with greater responsibility for patient examination and care, record management, operative assistance and patient discharge. The student will participate in morning and afternoon rounds and in topic presentations. Pre: 9514 (4C) P/F only
VM 9814 Equine Private Practice Clerkship: Training of senior veterinary students in clinical medicine and surgery in the equine private practice setting under the direction of experienced veterinary practitioners. Opportunities to participate in the routine of veterinary practice, to interact with clients and clinic personnel, to improve surgical and diagnostic skills, and to observe clinic management. Pre: Fourth year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C) P/F only
VM 9834 Equine Theriogenology Clerkship: Allows the interested student to pursue off-campus training in equine theriogenology beyond that provided in earlier theriogenology courses (VM 8374, 8514, 9124). Students will work on cases involving breeding management and abnormal reproductive function and will become familiar with methods to correct or treat these problems. Pre: Fourth year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C) P/F only
VM 9404 Specialty Medicine In-depth study of two of the three following disciplines: cardiology, neurology, and dermatology. Instruction will be case-based in the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital. Pre: fourth-year standing in the DVM curriculum (4C)
VM 9454 Veterinary Ophthalmology Elective: This clerkship allows students to focus on diseases of the eye in several species. The majority of the student's time will be spent examining and treating local and referred medical patients with eye problems. On a daily basis, time will be allocated for case discussions, classroom and individual study. Students will be given primary patient responsibility. (4C). P/F only
VM 9584 Clinical Nutrition Elective Clerkship: Review and application of all aspects of Veterinary Nutrition. The primary focus is the use of a three step, problem solving process that identifies the animal, feeds, and feeding systems. Equine, food animal, or small animal nutrition modules will be available in the course. The student will choose one module per clerkship. (4C per clerkship)
VM 9824 Mixed Species Private Practice Clerkship: Training of senior veterinary students in clinical medicine and surgery in the private practice setting under the direction of experienced veterinary practitioners. Opportunities to participate in the routine of veterinary practice, to interact with clients and clinic personnel, to improve surgical and diagnostic skills, and to observe clinic management Pre: 4th year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C) P/F only
VM 9664 Small Animal Surgery Clerkship: Provides additional surgical experience with companion animals. Students will be assigned clinical patients and outpatients with responsibility for patient examination and care, record management, operative assistance and patient discharge. The student will participate in morning and afternoon rounds and in topic presentations. Pre: 9614 ( 4C) P/F only
VM 9654 Small Animal Internal Medicine Elective: Will further develop the internal medical skills of the students needed to see only referral cases. They will manage their own cases in the ICU wards and will see more complicated cases from the local Small Animal Practice. ICU shifts will be at night and the student will receive one-on-one instruction with the ICU technical staff. Students will be given primary patient responsibility. (4C) P/F only
VM 9574 Production Management Medicine Elective: Provides additional training and more hands-on experiences in individual animals in herd/flock medicine beyond the required clerkship. Pre: 9534 (4C) P/F only
VM 9584 Clinical Nutrition Elective Clerkship: (4C) P/F only
VM 9644 Small Animal Private Practice Clerkship: Training of senior veterinary students in clinical medicine and surgery in the private practice setting under the direction of experienced veterinary practitioners. Opportunities to participate in the routine of veterinary practice, to interact with clients and clinic personnel, to improve surgical and diagnostic skills, and to observe clinic management. Pre: fourth year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C) P/F only
VM 9684 Small Animal Emergency Medicine Elective: The student will participate at an approved emergency clinic in Virginia or Maryland. The student will assist the staff veterinarian(s) in the diagnosis and management of small animal emergency cases. Pre: 9434 (4C) P/F only
VM 9674 Small Animal Specialty Practice Elective: Specialty practices operated by board-certified clinical specialists in small animal dermatology, internal medicine, ophthalmology and surgery and exotic animal practice are available. Case material presented to such practices and pertinent ancillary data and literature review in patient management are discussed and therapeutic measures are carried out. Pre: 9434 (4C) P/F only
VM 9564 Food Animal Elective Clerkship: Current concepts in data collection, interpretation and analysis of dairy, beef, and swine records. Application in the principles of basic record keeping, computer programs available for retrieval of records, monitoring of herd populations, interpretation of record analysis, and management decisions and their impact on the herd population. The more common surgical techniques for a population of animals will also be discussed, as well as medical situation that impact the total herd. (4C)
VM 9804 Food Animal Private Practice Clerkship: Training of senior veterinary students in clinical medicine and surgery in the food animal private practice setting under the direction of experienced veterinary practitioners. Opportunities to participate in the routine of veterinary practice, to interact with clients and clinic personnel, to improve surgical and diagnostic skills, and to observe clinic management. Pre: Fourth year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C) P/F only
VM 9844 Food Animal Theriogenology Clerkship: Allows the interested student to pursue off-campus training in food animal theriogenology beyond that provided in the required course (VM 8374). Students will work on cases involving breeding management and abnormal reproductive function, and will become familiar with methods to correct or treat these problems. Pre: Fourth year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C) P/F only
VM 9604 Small Ruminant/Pseudoruminant Elective: Detailed clinical exercises, discussion sessions, and problem-solving exercises concerning the biology, management diseases, and therapeutics of sheep, goats, llamas, and alpacas. Course content is moderately flexible in order to accommodate varying caseload and student interests. (4C) P/F only
VM 9594 Small Animal Theriogenology Clerkship: Allows the interested student to pursue off-campus training in small animal theriogenology beyond that provided in the required course (VM 8374). Students will work on cases breeding management and abnormal reproductive function, and will become familiar with methods to correct or treat these problems. Pre: Fourth year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C) P/F only
VM 9694 Anesthesiology Elective: Is composed of selected, specialized anesthetic cases and of a mini-project clinical research proposal. Students will be given an opportunity to prepare a manuscript for scientific journal submission. Pre: 9624 (4C) P/F only
VM 9744 Morphologic Pathology Elective: Focuses on the details of performing animal necropsies and interpreting the lesions that may be found. Sampling and preparation techniques are considered for the preparation of histopathological specimens. Correlation of laboratory results with gross and histopathological findings is stressed and a final diagnostic report is prepared. Pre: 9724 ( 4C) P/F only
VM 9764 Independent Study/ Research Elective: Provides the opportunity for students considering a career in public practice (Public/Corporate) to obtain in-depth experience in their focus area. Also allows students enrolled in the DVM/MS or DVM/PhD program to pursue research or other objectives in specified areas. Experiences will be tailored to the student's area of interest. (4C) P/F only
VM 9774 Self-Initiated Elective: Opportunities will be given to participate in the activities of the area of special interest while increasing one's knowledge and skills in this area. This clerkship offers students a chance to select disciplines either not offered through the regular curriculum or pursue disciplines taught in the regular curriculum in more detail and on a more practice-oriented level. (4C) P/F only
VM 9784 Public and Corporate Veterinary Medicine Elective: Develop and expand an awareness and understanding of career opportunities in veterinary medicine other than those in private clinical practice (4C) P/F only
VM 9794 Center for Public and Corporate Veterinary Medicine Clerkship The three-week clerkship provides hands-on involvement in the public practice of veterinary medicine, for the purpose of skill building, networking, and understanding/ celebrating diversity. CPCVM faculty serve as mentors, structure opportunities, and provide debriefing following experiences. Public/corporate veterinarians in the Washington DC Metropolitan region, individually selected to match the career focus of the students, serve as advisors and consultants. Case studies will be used to explore current veterinary issues. Pre: fourth year standing in the DVM curriculum. (4C) P/F only
VM 9424 Avian Medicine Elective: This clerkship allows students to pursue opportunities in avian medicine with other university avian medicine programs, commercial firms and laboratories, and private avian veterinary practices, to obtain experience on a more practice-oriented level. (4C) P/F only
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